The History of Asbestos Use in the UK and Why It’s Still a Problem Today

Asbestos, once dubbed the “miracle mineral,” played a major role in construction and industry across the UK for much of the 20th century. Renowned for its fire resistance, durability, and insulating properties, asbestos was used extensively in homes, schools, hospitals, factories, and commercial buildings. However, what was once considered a construction asset eventually became recognised as one of the most hazardous materials in the built environment.

In this blog, we’ll explore the history of asbestos use in the UK, how it became so widespread, and why — despite being banned over two decades ago — asbestos remains a significant health and safety issue today.

What Is Asbestos?

Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral made up of flexible, fibrous crystals. Its heat resistance, sound absorption, and tensile strength made it extremely valuable in construction and manufacturing. There are six types of asbestos, but the three most common in UK buildings are:

• Chrysotile (white asbestos)

• Amosite (brown asbestos)

• Crocidolite (blue asbestos)

A Timeline of Asbestos Use in the UK

Late 19th Century – Early Use Begins

Asbestos was first used in the UK during the Industrial Revolution, particularly in shipbuilding, boiler rooms, and heavy industry. It was ideal for lagging steam pipes and insulating machinery.

1920s–1950s – Widespread Adoption

The use of asbestos surged after World War I and continued into the post-World War II building boom. It was incorporated into:

• Roofing and wall insulation

• Cement sheets and pipes

• Fireproof panels and ceiling tiles

• Floor tiles and adhesives

Homes, offices, and public buildings constructed during this period are especially likely to contain asbestos-containing materials (ACMs).

1960s–1980s – Rising Health Concerns

By the 1960s, medical research increasingly linked asbestos exposure to serious diseases, including mesothelioma, asbestosis, and lung cancer. The dangers were especially severe for workers in shipyards, construction, and manufacturing. Despite this, asbestos use remained common.

1985 – Initial Ban

The UK banned the use of blue and brown asbestos in 1985. However, white asbestos (chrysotile) was still permitted in certain products.

1999 – Full Ban Enforced

Finally, in 1999, the UK implemented a complete ban on all types of asbestos. Importing, supplying, and using asbestos-containing materials became illegal.

Why Asbestos Is Still a Problem Today

1. Legacy in Buildings

While new uses are banned, asbestos still exists in millions of buildings across the UK — especially those constructed or renovated before 2000. It’s often hidden in:

• Ceiling tiles

• Artex coatings

• Pipe insulation

• Garage roofs

• Floor tiles

Disturbing these materials during maintenance or renovation can release hazardous fibres into the air.

2. Health Risks Remain

Even minimal exposure to asbestos fibres can lead to serious illnesses, often decades after contact. Diseases like mesothelioma and asbestosis have long latency periods, meaning people exposed in the 1970s or 80s are still being diagnosed today.

3. Lack of Awareness

Many homeowners and property managers are unaware that asbestos may still be present in their buildings. DIY renovations and improper handling can inadvertently expose occupants and workers to danger.

4. Need for Professional Removal

Managing or removing asbestos requires trained, licensed professionals who understand proper containment, removal, and disposal procedures. This is why trusted services like asbestos removal Poole are essential for ensuring safety and legal compliance.

What Can Be Done?

Have Your Property Surveyed

If your property was built before 2000, especially in the mid-20th century, it’s vital to carry out an asbestos survey before renovations or maintenance.

Use Licensed Asbestos Specialists

Never attempt to remove or disturb suspected asbestos materials on your own. Instead, hire certified asbestos professionals who follow strict health and safety guidelines.

Stay Compliant

Landlords and business owners have a legal duty under the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 to manage asbestos risks in their premises. Non-compliance can result in fines, legal action, or exposure-related harm to occupants.

Conclusion

Asbestos may be banned, but it hasn’t disappeared. Its extensive use in the UK throughout the 20th century has left a lasting legacy that still poses health risks today. Whether you’re a homeowner, landlord, or property manager, staying informed and proactive is key to keeping your building safe.

If you suspect asbestos in your property or are planning renovations, consult a certified team for reliable asbestos removal Poole to ensure full protection and peace of mind.